Autism and bilingualism: Exploring the impact of language choices on outcomes of parent-led therapy

Status: Ongoing (01.09.2023 - 31.08.2026) | Funding: SNSF | Open project sheet

Autism is a developmental condition characterised by difficulties in social interaction and communication. As autism awareness grows around the world, there remains a large gap between research priorities identified by academics and funding bodies, and those identified by the autism community. Improving communication skills via applied research is widely accepted as essential and early autism research is securely supported by stakeholder groups. Parent-child interactions are critically important for autistic children, for whom social communication is more difficult and limited, particularly during the early years, when children are likely to spend more time in their homes and neighbourhoods than other settings. However, many parents hesitate when making language decisions for their children because of conflicting advice and concerns that bilingualism will hinder language development. While there is a considerable body of literature focusing on the effects of bilingualism on development in neurotypical populations, the same cannot be said for autistic populations. This project’s focus on supporting the early communication skills of autistic children from culturally and linguistically diverse (CaLD) backgrounds through PLT is novel as it capitalises on academic and clinical tools to address needs expressed by the autism community. This study proposes to address research gaps relating to under-represented autistic communities by examining parents’ engagement with PLT in the bilingual context. A multifactorial experimental design, and semi-structured interviews will be used. Quantitative data will be treated with linear mixed-effects modelling (LMEM) . Qualitative data will be treated with Thematic Analysis (TA) methodology. I expect results will 1) provide new evidence on outcomes of self-directed vs coached PLT in the telehealth context, 2) identify environmental factors impacting parents’ abilities to implement PLT in the bilingual context, 3) reveal that parents prefer delivering PLT in their L1s, and 4) explore factors impacting parent engagement and retention in telehealth PLT programs.

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